1: What is biological diversity?
The variety of life in an area
2: What is a population?
Population is the amount of species there are in an area
3: What is a species?
Species is a type of animal
4: What are the 9 reasons why people value biodiversity?
Utilatarian
Public-service
Ecological
Moral
Theological
Aesthetic
Recreational
Spiritual
Creative
Define the following:
* Genetic Diversity: The different genes in a species
* Habitat Diversity: different habitats in an area
* Species Diversity: different species in an environment
* Species Richness: total number of species in an area
* Species Evenness: the relative abundance in species
* Dominant Species: the specie hat is dominant of the other species
5: What are the 3 main domains of life?
eukaryota, bacteria, and archaea
6: What is biological evolution?
It is evolution through generation
7: What causes mutations? Explain how this affects biological diversity.
mutations are caused by changed in genes it affects biological diversity because it affects traits and new genes are created
8: What is natural selection? What are the 4 primary factors involved in natural selection?
Natural selection is when a species is strong in an environment and survives
Inheritance, Environmental, Differential reproduction, influence in survival and reproduction
A Closer Look 8.1
Natural Selection: Mosquitos and the Malaria Parasite
1: Discuss the issue with Malaria, Mosquitos and DDT resistance and how this demonstrates
natural selection.
The issue with all these is that malaria kills about 1 million people a year. And DDT is a spray that killed mosquitos which carried malaria, this demonstrates natural selection because some mosquitos were strong to the DDT and survived they then reproduced and then there were more of them immune to it
Migration and Geographic Isolation
1: How does Darwin’s Finches demonstrate the idea of Adaptive Radiation?
They demonstrate the idea because they divided to different plave and adapted to different roles
2: Define: Genetic Drift
It is change in frequency in a gene
3: What is the Founder Effect and how does it demonstrate Genetic Drift?
It is when they separate and the smallest group will have less genetic diversity it demonstrates genetic drift because the characteristics of the smaller group will be determined by chance
Biological Evolution as a Strange Kind of Game
In summary, the theory of biological evolution tells us the following
1: Biological diversity is always changing
2: Adaptations is in response to environmental changes
3: Species will become isolated
4: Species can be endangered if they do not adapt quick enough
The Competitive Exclusion Principle
1: Explain how the introduction of the American Gray Squirrel into Great Britain demonstrates the Competitive Exclusion Principle.
They both need the same resources and the gray squirell excluded the red squirrel since it was stronger
Measuring Niches
1: What is an ecological niche?
It is a set of environmental conditions
2: What is the difference between a fundamental and realized niche?
the difference is that fundamental is without competition and realized is with competition
Symbiosis
1: In ecology, symbiosis describes a relationship between two organisms that is beneficial to both- each partner in symbiosis is called a: Mutalism
2: What is an obligate symbiont?
When a symbiotic relationship cannot exist without the other symbiot
3: Explain the symbiotic relationship between people and dogs
Predation and Parasitism
Predation and Parasitism
1: Explain how predation and parasitism actually helps increase species diversity in an ecosystem
The predator helps kill the lower hunter making both the predator and the other organism that is being eaten by the predator increase in population
How Geography and Geology Affect Biological Diversity
1: In general, greater diversity occurs: at lower latitudes
2: What geographic factors affect species biodiversity?
Soil, topography aspect,
3: How can moderate environmental disturbances increase diversity?
It can help change the environment making the diversity of species increase
4: How do people affect diversity? Explain.
We destroy habitats which affects the diversity
The variety of life in an area
2: What is a population?
Population is the amount of species there are in an area
3: What is a species?
Species is a type of animal
4: What are the 9 reasons why people value biodiversity?
Utilatarian
Public-service
Ecological
Moral
Theological
Aesthetic
Recreational
Spiritual
Creative
Define the following:
* Genetic Diversity: The different genes in a species
* Habitat Diversity: different habitats in an area
* Species Diversity: different species in an environment
* Species Richness: total number of species in an area
* Species Evenness: the relative abundance in species
* Dominant Species: the specie hat is dominant of the other species
5: What are the 3 main domains of life?
eukaryota, bacteria, and archaea
6: What is biological evolution?
It is evolution through generation
7: What causes mutations? Explain how this affects biological diversity.
mutations are caused by changed in genes it affects biological diversity because it affects traits and new genes are created
8: What is natural selection? What are the 4 primary factors involved in natural selection?
Natural selection is when a species is strong in an environment and survives
Inheritance, Environmental, Differential reproduction, influence in survival and reproduction
A Closer Look 8.1
Natural Selection: Mosquitos and the Malaria Parasite
1: Discuss the issue with Malaria, Mosquitos and DDT resistance and how this demonstrates
natural selection.
The issue with all these is that malaria kills about 1 million people a year. And DDT is a spray that killed mosquitos which carried malaria, this demonstrates natural selection because some mosquitos were strong to the DDT and survived they then reproduced and then there were more of them immune to it
Migration and Geographic Isolation
1: How does Darwin’s Finches demonstrate the idea of Adaptive Radiation?
They demonstrate the idea because they divided to different plave and adapted to different roles
2: Define: Genetic Drift
It is change in frequency in a gene
3: What is the Founder Effect and how does it demonstrate Genetic Drift?
It is when they separate and the smallest group will have less genetic diversity it demonstrates genetic drift because the characteristics of the smaller group will be determined by chance
Biological Evolution as a Strange Kind of Game
In summary, the theory of biological evolution tells us the following
1: Biological diversity is always changing
2: Adaptations is in response to environmental changes
3: Species will become isolated
4: Species can be endangered if they do not adapt quick enough
The Competitive Exclusion Principle
1: Explain how the introduction of the American Gray Squirrel into Great Britain demonstrates the Competitive Exclusion Principle.
They both need the same resources and the gray squirell excluded the red squirrel since it was stronger
Measuring Niches
1: What is an ecological niche?
It is a set of environmental conditions
2: What is the difference between a fundamental and realized niche?
the difference is that fundamental is without competition and realized is with competition
Symbiosis
1: In ecology, symbiosis describes a relationship between two organisms that is beneficial to both- each partner in symbiosis is called a: Mutalism
2: What is an obligate symbiont?
When a symbiotic relationship cannot exist without the other symbiot
3: Explain the symbiotic relationship between people and dogs
Predation and Parasitism
Predation and Parasitism
1: Explain how predation and parasitism actually helps increase species diversity in an ecosystem
The predator helps kill the lower hunter making both the predator and the other organism that is being eaten by the predator increase in population
How Geography and Geology Affect Biological Diversity
1: In general, greater diversity occurs: at lower latitudes
2: What geographic factors affect species biodiversity?
Soil, topography aspect,
3: How can moderate environmental disturbances increase diversity?
It can help change the environment making the diversity of species increase
4: How do people affect diversity? Explain.
We destroy habitats which affects the diversity
Convergent and Divergent Evolution
1: Define and give an example of each of the following:
* Convergent Evolution Species that evolve with the same traits beccuase of the environment around them
* Divergent Evolution Species that evolve seperatly but have the same characteristics
Invasions, Invasive Species and Island Biogeography
1: What are the 4 main principles in the theory of island biogeography?
- The farther the island from main land the fewer species
- The smaller the island the fewer the species
- Island have fewer species than continents
- New species come to the islands from mainland
2: What is an ecological island?
A habitat separate from a bigger habitat of the same kind
Study Questions
1: Why do introduced species often become pests?
They become pests because the aren't native to the land and become the dominant specie
1: Define and give an example of each of the following:
* Convergent Evolution Species that evolve with the same traits beccuase of the environment around them
* Divergent Evolution Species that evolve seperatly but have the same characteristics
Invasions, Invasive Species and Island Biogeography
1: What are the 4 main principles in the theory of island biogeography?
- The farther the island from main land the fewer species
- The smaller the island the fewer the species
- Island have fewer species than continents
- New species come to the islands from mainland
2: What is an ecological island?
A habitat separate from a bigger habitat of the same kind
Study Questions
1: Why do introduced species often become pests?
They become pests because the aren't native to the land and become the dominant specie