1: Pg. 65- The corn plant has colonized how much of the American continent?
120,000 square miles
2: Pg. 66-67- How have America’s food animals undergone a revolution in lifestyle?
They went from an open area to a packed area were they can't really move
3: Pg. 67- What is a CAFO?
Concentrated Animal Feed Operation
4: Pg. 67- What happened to the all of the farmland once the animals left? Where did all of the corn go?
It was used to plant corn, It all went to feed cows
5: Pg. 68- What is the idea of a closed ecological loop?
The idea is for the waste to cease to exist
6: Pg. 68- What are the two main problems with animal feedlots?
Pollutants are used and pesticides are used
7. Pg 70- What is the coevolutionary relationship between cows and grass? Explain.
Cows must eat grass but people don't really care and feed them corn
8. Pg. 71- Why would pastures become “the great American desert” without ruminant animals?
Because without animals the crops can't grow
9. Pg. 71- What gets a steer from 80 to 1,000 pounds in just 14 months?
Corn gets a great steer
10. Pg. 71- Why is weaning the calves the most traumatic time on the ranch?
It makes all the other calves fell sad and traumatic knowing that they might be next
11. Pg. 73- What is the only reason contemporary animal cities aren’t as plague-ridden or pestilential as their medieval human counterparts?
Because of the antibiotic they have
12. Pg. 73- “So if the modern CAFO is a city built upon commodity corn, it is a city afloat on an invisible sea of _ Petroleum __”
13. Pg. 75- Why is corn fed meat less healthy for us?
Because the stomachs of the cows will become acidic and all the bacteria that is fed to us won't die since it is immune to acid
14. Pg. 75- What practice of feeding cows led to the “Mad Cow Disease”?
feeding cow to other cows
15. Pg. 77- How are we choosing which cows we want to select to breed?
If they can survive in eating corn
16. Pg. 77- What is the #1 ailment found with cows fed on corn? Why- explain.
Bloat is the number 1 ailment, fermentation of rumen produces gas that can be trapped,
17. Pg. 78- What is acidosis and what does it cause in the cow?
when the stomach turns acidic, it can make the cow really sick
18. Pg. 78- What percentage of cows at slaughterhouses are found to have abscessed livers?
Up to 30% of the cows have abscessed livers
19. Pg. 78- What is the leading causes of the evolution of antibiotic resistant superbugs?
Feeding corn to cows making their stomachs more acidic making the bacteria immune to acidic places
20. Pg. 79- What chemicals are found in the “manure lagoon” on CAFO’s?
Nitrogen and phosphorous
21. Pg. 80- How many pounds of corn does it take to make 4 pounds of beef? What is the ratio for chicken?
32 pounds of corn makes 4 pounds of beef. The ratio is 2:1
22. Pg. 82- How has the new strain of E. Coli (O157: H7) evolved and what is the problem with it? How can this problem be fixed?
It has evolved to become immune to acidic stomachs the problem is that when we eat it our stomachs wouldn't be able to kill it and make us sick
this problem can be fixed by feeding cows grass again
23. Pg. 82- How are the costs associated with the CAFO’s externalized? Explain.
They are externalized with the environmental cost. They don't add the cost of the chemicals added to the crops
24. Pg. 83- Discuss the path of corn backward from the corn fields and discuss the implications.
The corn grows in fertilizer with pesticides, the pesticides runoff to the water, the implication is that corn has consequences to grow and it takes to long
25. Pg. 83- How much of America’s petroleum usage goes to producing and transporting our food?
1/5 of the petroleum
26. Pg. 84- If a cow reaches his full weight- how much “oil” will he have consumed in lifetime?
35 gallons
27. Pg. 84- “You are what you eat” is a truism hard to argue with, and yet it is, as a visit to a feedlot suggests, incomplete, for you are what what you eat eats, too. And what we are, or have become, is not just meat but number 2 corn and oil- Discuss.
This means that what we are eating is not only cow but all the corn that the cow eats and the oils that are in it.
120,000 square miles
2: Pg. 66-67- How have America’s food animals undergone a revolution in lifestyle?
They went from an open area to a packed area were they can't really move
3: Pg. 67- What is a CAFO?
Concentrated Animal Feed Operation
4: Pg. 67- What happened to the all of the farmland once the animals left? Where did all of the corn go?
It was used to plant corn, It all went to feed cows
5: Pg. 68- What is the idea of a closed ecological loop?
The idea is for the waste to cease to exist
6: Pg. 68- What are the two main problems with animal feedlots?
Pollutants are used and pesticides are used
7. Pg 70- What is the coevolutionary relationship between cows and grass? Explain.
Cows must eat grass but people don't really care and feed them corn
8. Pg. 71- Why would pastures become “the great American desert” without ruminant animals?
Because without animals the crops can't grow
9. Pg. 71- What gets a steer from 80 to 1,000 pounds in just 14 months?
Corn gets a great steer
10. Pg. 71- Why is weaning the calves the most traumatic time on the ranch?
It makes all the other calves fell sad and traumatic knowing that they might be next
11. Pg. 73- What is the only reason contemporary animal cities aren’t as plague-ridden or pestilential as their medieval human counterparts?
Because of the antibiotic they have
12. Pg. 73- “So if the modern CAFO is a city built upon commodity corn, it is a city afloat on an invisible sea of _ Petroleum __”
13. Pg. 75- Why is corn fed meat less healthy for us?
Because the stomachs of the cows will become acidic and all the bacteria that is fed to us won't die since it is immune to acid
14. Pg. 75- What practice of feeding cows led to the “Mad Cow Disease”?
feeding cow to other cows
15. Pg. 77- How are we choosing which cows we want to select to breed?
If they can survive in eating corn
16. Pg. 77- What is the #1 ailment found with cows fed on corn? Why- explain.
Bloat is the number 1 ailment, fermentation of rumen produces gas that can be trapped,
17. Pg. 78- What is acidosis and what does it cause in the cow?
when the stomach turns acidic, it can make the cow really sick
18. Pg. 78- What percentage of cows at slaughterhouses are found to have abscessed livers?
Up to 30% of the cows have abscessed livers
19. Pg. 78- What is the leading causes of the evolution of antibiotic resistant superbugs?
Feeding corn to cows making their stomachs more acidic making the bacteria immune to acidic places
20. Pg. 79- What chemicals are found in the “manure lagoon” on CAFO’s?
Nitrogen and phosphorous
21. Pg. 80- How many pounds of corn does it take to make 4 pounds of beef? What is the ratio for chicken?
32 pounds of corn makes 4 pounds of beef. The ratio is 2:1
22. Pg. 82- How has the new strain of E. Coli (O157: H7) evolved and what is the problem with it? How can this problem be fixed?
It has evolved to become immune to acidic stomachs the problem is that when we eat it our stomachs wouldn't be able to kill it and make us sick
this problem can be fixed by feeding cows grass again
23. Pg. 82- How are the costs associated with the CAFO’s externalized? Explain.
They are externalized with the environmental cost. They don't add the cost of the chemicals added to the crops
24. Pg. 83- Discuss the path of corn backward from the corn fields and discuss the implications.
The corn grows in fertilizer with pesticides, the pesticides runoff to the water, the implication is that corn has consequences to grow and it takes to long
25. Pg. 83- How much of America’s petroleum usage goes to producing and transporting our food?
1/5 of the petroleum
26. Pg. 84- If a cow reaches his full weight- how much “oil” will he have consumed in lifetime?
35 gallons
27. Pg. 84- “You are what you eat” is a truism hard to argue with, and yet it is, as a visit to a feedlot suggests, incomplete, for you are what what you eat eats, too. And what we are, or have become, is not just meat but number 2 corn and oil- Discuss.
This means that what we are eating is not only cow but all the corn that the cow eats and the oils that are in it.