1: Natural Capital: Forests
2: What are the 3 main types of forests?
Old forest, second growth forest, and tree plantation
3: What are some of the problems associated with deforestation?
Decrease soil fertility from erosion
Premature extinction of species with specialized niches
Release of CO2 into atmosphere
4: What are the methods for harvesting trees?
Selective cutting, clear cutting, strip cutting
5: Clear-Cutting Forests
Old forest, second growth forest, and tree plantation
3: What are some of the problems associated with deforestation?
Decrease soil fertility from erosion
Premature extinction of species with specialized niches
Release of CO2 into atmosphere
4: What are the methods for harvesting trees?
Selective cutting, clear cutting, strip cutting
5: Clear-Cutting Forests
6: What are some solutions for sustainable forestry?
• Identify and protect forest areas high in biodiversity
• Grow more timber on long rotations
• Rely more on selective cutting and strip cutting
• Stop clear-cutting on steep slopes
• Cease logging of old-growth forests
• Prohibit fragmentation of remaining large blocks offorest
• Sharply reduce road building into uncut forest areas
7: What is the Healthy Forest Restoration Act? What are the PROS and CONS?
Allows companies to cut large trees in 71% of the nations forest, must clear fire prone trees and brush.
8: Logging in National Forests
• Identify and protect forest areas high in biodiversity
• Grow more timber on long rotations
• Rely more on selective cutting and strip cutting
• Stop clear-cutting on steep slopes
• Cease logging of old-growth forests
• Prohibit fragmentation of remaining large blocks offorest
• Sharply reduce road building into uncut forest areas
7: What is the Healthy Forest Restoration Act? What are the PROS and CONS?
Allows companies to cut large trees in 71% of the nations forest, must clear fire prone trees and brush.
8: Logging in National Forests
9: What are some causes of tropical deforestation?
Population growth, poverty, and fires
10: Why should we care about the loss of tropical forests?
2,100 of the 3,000 identified are identified as cancer-fighting chemicals.
11: Sustaining Tropical Forests
Population growth, poverty, and fires
10: Why should we care about the loss of tropical forests?
2,100 of the 3,000 identified are identified as cancer-fighting chemicals.
11: Sustaining Tropical Forests
12: Why are rangelands/grasslands so important?
They are important because they keep soil formation and nutrient cycling
13: How can we sustain rangeland productivity? What are some solutions to overgrazing?
We can sustain it by controlling the number of distrubution of live stock a solution is to stop grazing
14: What is the 4 point strategy to restoring biodiversity worldwide?
Map global ecosystems
Locate and protect endangered ecosystems & species
Restore as many degraded ecosystems as possible
Make development biodiversity- friendly
15: What is a biodiversity hotspot? How many are there worldwide?
It is an are with potentially endangered species, there are 34 hotspots worldwide
16: What are the top 6 hotspots in the United States?
1 Hawaii
2 San Francisco Bay area
3 Southern Appalachians
4 Death Valley
5 Southern California
6 Florida Panhandle
17: What are the five basic science-based principles for ecological restoration? Identify cause.
Stop abuse by eliminating or sharply reducing factors.
Reintroduce species if necessary.
Protect area form further degradation.
Use adaptive management to monitor
18: Define:
Preservation: Preserving areas from harmful human activity
Remediation: Repairing a destroyed ecosystem
Sustainability: Ability to survive for certain time
18: What are the eight priorities for protecting biodiversity?
Take immediate action to preserve world’s biological hot spots.
Keep intact remaining old growth.
Complete mapping of world’s biodiversity for inventory and decision making.
Determine world’s marine hot spots.
Ensure that the full range of the earths ecosystems are included in global conservation strategy.
Make conservation profitable.
Initiate ecological restoration products to heal some of the damage done and increase share of earth’s land and water allotted to the rest of nature.
19: Define: Reconciliation/Applied Ecology
establish and maintain a new habitat to conserve a specie
20: Define:
Background Extinction: Continuous low level of extinction of species
Extinction Rate: A rate in which a species is being extinct
Mass Extinction: When a huge group of organisms are being extinct
21: What are characteristics of vulnerable species?
large size, low reproductive rate, specialized feeding habits
22: What is HIPPCO?
Invasive species, Habitat destruction, population growth
23: What can you do about invasive species?
Do not spread them to other places, and do mot allow wild animals escape
24: What are some characteristics of successful invader species?
destroy other species population and destroy niches
25: How is pollution affecting species?
It will have to much competition and they will eat everything and leave nothing left
26: What is overexploitation?
When species are killed for their special uses
27: What is the U.S. Endangered Species Act?
It forbids comapanies to kill any endangered species
28: What is the CITIES Treaty?
It forbids international trade of elephant parts
29: What can you do to help terrestrial biodiversity? What can you do to help protect species worldwide?
plant trees, recycle paper, change to different wood, restore destroyed forest
to help we can not destroy there habitats
They are important because they keep soil formation and nutrient cycling
13: How can we sustain rangeland productivity? What are some solutions to overgrazing?
We can sustain it by controlling the number of distrubution of live stock a solution is to stop grazing
14: What is the 4 point strategy to restoring biodiversity worldwide?
Map global ecosystems
Locate and protect endangered ecosystems & species
Restore as many degraded ecosystems as possible
Make development biodiversity- friendly
15: What is a biodiversity hotspot? How many are there worldwide?
It is an are with potentially endangered species, there are 34 hotspots worldwide
16: What are the top 6 hotspots in the United States?
1 Hawaii
2 San Francisco Bay area
3 Southern Appalachians
4 Death Valley
5 Southern California
6 Florida Panhandle
17: What are the five basic science-based principles for ecological restoration? Identify cause.
Stop abuse by eliminating or sharply reducing factors.
Reintroduce species if necessary.
Protect area form further degradation.
Use adaptive management to monitor
18: Define:
Preservation: Preserving areas from harmful human activity
Remediation: Repairing a destroyed ecosystem
Sustainability: Ability to survive for certain time
18: What are the eight priorities for protecting biodiversity?
Take immediate action to preserve world’s biological hot spots.
Keep intact remaining old growth.
Complete mapping of world’s biodiversity for inventory and decision making.
Determine world’s marine hot spots.
Ensure that the full range of the earths ecosystems are included in global conservation strategy.
Make conservation profitable.
Initiate ecological restoration products to heal some of the damage done and increase share of earth’s land and water allotted to the rest of nature.
19: Define: Reconciliation/Applied Ecology
establish and maintain a new habitat to conserve a specie
20: Define:
Background Extinction: Continuous low level of extinction of species
Extinction Rate: A rate in which a species is being extinct
Mass Extinction: When a huge group of organisms are being extinct
21: What are characteristics of vulnerable species?
large size, low reproductive rate, specialized feeding habits
22: What is HIPPCO?
Invasive species, Habitat destruction, population growth
23: What can you do about invasive species?
Do not spread them to other places, and do mot allow wild animals escape
24: What are some characteristics of successful invader species?
destroy other species population and destroy niches
25: How is pollution affecting species?
It will have to much competition and they will eat everything and leave nothing left
26: What is overexploitation?
When species are killed for their special uses
27: What is the U.S. Endangered Species Act?
It forbids comapanies to kill any endangered species
28: What is the CITIES Treaty?
It forbids international trade of elephant parts
29: What can you do to help terrestrial biodiversity? What can you do to help protect species worldwide?
plant trees, recycle paper, change to different wood, restore destroyed forest
to help we can not destroy there habitats